For individuals who have not found relief from chronic pain through conventional methods, advanced options may offer a different path. Spinal cord stimulation is one such approach, utilizing technology to alter pain signals before they reach the brain. Understanding how it functions provides insight into its potential applications for managing persistent pain conditions.
What Is Spinal Cord Stimulation?
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a procedure that uses a small, implanted device to send low levels of electricity directly to the spinal cord. This device is designed to interfere with the pain signals traveling along the spinal cord to the brain. The primary goal of SCS is not to eliminate the source of pain. It aims to change the way the brain perceives it. This approach is typically explored for individuals with specific types of chronic pain, such as neuropathic pain, which originates from nerve damage.
Conditions that might be addressed with SCS include complex regional pain syndrome and certain types of persistent leg or arm pain. SCS is generally recommended after other treatments have not provided adequate relief. It is a reversible procedure, meaning the device can be removed if it does not prove effective.
How Does It Work?
The SCS device works by stimulating specific nerves along the spinal cord. The stimulator generates mild electrical pulses that are delivered through thin wires called leads. These leads are placed in the epidural space, which is the area surrounding the spinal cord. This stimulation effectively prevents the smaller nerve fibers that carry pain signals from reaching the brain. As a result, the perception of pain is altered. The settings of the neurostimulator are adjustable and can be tailored to an individual’s specific needs and pain patterns. Patients can use a handheld remote control to turn the device on or off, adjust the intensity of the stimulation, and switch between different programs as their pain changes.
What Does It Involve?
The process for receiving a spinal cord stimulator typically occurs in two stages: a trial phase and the permanent implantation. The trial period begins with a minimally invasive procedure to place the temporary leads. A physician guides the leads into the epidural space. The leads are connected to an external stimulator. The patient evaluates how well the stimulation manages their pain during their normal daily activities. If the trial successfully reduces pain and improves the patient’s ability to function, they may proceed to the next stage.
Permanent implantation is a more involved surgical procedure. The stimulator device, which houses the battery and electronics, is implanted under the skin, usually in the buttock area. The permanent leads are carefully positioned in the epidural space and then tunneled under the skin to connect to the implanted stimulator.
Confer With a Medical Expert
Making an informed decision about SCS involves a detailed discussion with a qualified medical professional, such as a pain management specialist. A specialist can conduct a thorough evaluation of your medical history and determine if you are suitable for SCS. They can also explain the potential benefits and risks associated with the procedure, describe the different types of SCS systems available, and answer any questions you may have.
